COVID-19 Cytokine Storm and the Mechanisms of Immune Injury

The first cases of COVID-19 were identified in China in 2019, and the disease subsequently spread rapidly around the world, leading it to be declared a pan-demic. The disease affects the lungs through the upper and lower respiratory tracts, and with the de-velopment of pneumonia, a clinical picture leading to respiratory failure referred to as cytokine storm occurs as a result of excessive cytokine production associat-ed with an excessive inflammatory immune response. The increase in inflammatory markers is related to acute respiratory distress syndrome, disseminated intravascular coagulation and hypercoagulation. We present here an explanation of cytokine storm and the associated immune damage mechanisms.

COVID-19 Sitokin Fýrtýnasý ve Ýmmün Hasar Mekanizmalarý

COVID-19 olgularý ilk olarak 2019 yýlýnda Çin’de ortaya çýkmýþ ve daha sonra hýzlý bir þekilde yayýlarak dünyada pandemiye yol açmýþtýr. Hastalýk üst solu-num yollarýný tutmakta ve daha sonra alt solunum yollarýna yayýlarak akciðerleri etkilemektedir. Pnömo-ni geliþimi ile birlikte aþýrý inflamatuar immün yanýt geliþimine baðlý aþýrý sitokin üretimi sonucu sitokin fýrtýnasý olarak adlandýrýlan solunum yetmezliðine kadar giden klinik tablo ortaya çýkmaktadýr. Ýnflama-tuar göstergelerdeki bu artýþ; akut solunum sýkýntýsý sendromu (ARDS), dissemine intravasküler koagülas-yon (DÝK) ve hiperkoagülasyonla iliþkilidir. Bu maka-lede sitokin fýrtýnasý ve COVID-19’da immün hasar mekanizmalarý açýklanmýþtýr.